Y a nosotros ¿Quién nos defiende? : el problema de la defensa en la disputa política por el territorio, Medellín 1965 - 1989

RESUMEN: La presente investigación propone reconstruir una historia reciente del desarrollo urbano de la ciudad de Medellín entre los años 1965 y 1989, utilizando la seguridad y las acciones de defensa barrial como variable transversal de este proceso. Pretende dar cuenta de la defensa barrial como un punto transaccional en el que las relaciones entre los actores sociales que habitan la ciudad constituyen el proceso de análisis, reconociendo la construcción de Medellín como un ejercicio procesual. Se concentra en cinco barrios de la ciudad que tienen un punto común en su desarrollo, son inicialmente procesos populares de poblamiento que con el tiempo se van insertando dentro del perímetro urbano, y pretende identificar cómo es que en el análisis de la seguridad como exigencia comunitaria y de las acciones de defensa como búsqueda de soluciones a los problemas y riesgos existe un espíritu de disputa por un modelo de ciudad que ve enfrentados múltiples actores de la sociedad y el Estado, todos con la intención de ser partícipes en la construcción de la política local. La construcción de Medellín está marcada por las transacciones entre actores; es sinónimo de disputas que se evidencian en los escenarios macro-sociales y micro-sociales; el barrio reviste especial importancia por ser el escenario de relacionamiento más cotidiano de los pobladores y el ejercicio de defensa barrial configura una estructura de oportunidad política por medio de la cual se pueden leer las disputas por un proyecto de ciudad.ABSTRACT: The present research proposes rebuild a recent history of the urban development of the city of Medellin between the years 1965 and 1989, using the security and the actions of neighborhood defense as a transverse variable of this process. It intends to account for the neighborhood defense as a transactional point in which relations between the social actors that inhabit the city constitute the process of analysis, recognizing the construction of Medellín as a processual exercise. It focus in five neighborhoods of the city that have a point in common on their development, they are initially popular population processes that over time are inserted within the urban perimeter, and pretends identify how it is that in the analysis of security as a community requirement and of defense actions as a search for solutions to problems and risks there is a spirit of dispute over a model of a city that sees multiple actors of society and the State, all with the intention of being participants in the construction of local politics.The construction of Medellín is marked by transactions between actors; it is synonymous with disputes that are evident in the macro-social and micro-social scenarios; the neighborhood is particularly important because it is the scenario of the most daily relation of the inhabitants and the exercise of neighborhood defense configures a structure of political opportunity by means of which one can read the disputes by a city project.ABSTRACT: The present research proposes rebuild a recent history of the urban development of the city of Medellin between the years 1965 and 1989, using the security and the actions of neighborhood defense as a transverse variable of this process. It intends to account for the neighborhood defense as a transactional point in which relations between the social actors that inhabit the city constitute the process of analysis, recognizing the construction of Medellín as a processual exercise. It focus in five neighborhoods of the city that have a point in common on their development, they are initially popular population processes that over time are inserted within the urban perimeter, and pretends identify how it is that in the analysis of security as a community requirement and of defense actions as a search for solutions to problems and risks there is a spirit of dispute over a model of a city that sees multiple actors of society and the State, all with the intention of being participants in the construction of local politics.The construction of Medellín is marked by transactions between actors; it is synonymous with disputes that are evident in the macro-social and micro-social scenarios; the neighborhood is particularly important because it is the scenario of the most daily relation of the inhabitants and the exercise of neighborhood defense configures a structure of political opportunity by means of which one can read the disputes by a city project